As the world faces depleting fossil fuel reserves and escalating environmental concerns, the quest for sustainable energy solutions gains momentum. The article delves into the transformative potential of hydrogen as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines (ICEs), emphasizing its advantages in reducing carbon emissions and enhancing efficiency. Hydrogen's fast combustion rate, wide combustible limit, and minimal pollutant emissions position it as a viable candidate for powering ICEs, with remarkable thermal efficiencies exceeding 35% and even reaching over 70% in innovative designs. Despite the promising aspects of hydrogen as a fuel, challenges persist in optimizing its combustion within ICEs. Researchers are actively exploring strategies like stratified combustion, precise injection timing, and exhaust gas regulation to address issues such as preignition, knock, and wider combustible limits. These endeavors aim to unlock the full potential of hydrogen-powered engines by enhancing efficiency and power density. A critical concern highlighted in the article is the generation of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in hydrogen ICEs due to high-temperature combustion processes. The discussion underscores the significance of maintaining optimal air-fuel ratios, utilizing lean and rich combustion strategies, and leveraging three-way catalysts to mitigate NOx emissions effectively. Moreover, studies on variable valve timing, injection optimization, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) demonstrate promising avenues for improving combustion efficiency while curbing NOx emissions. In essence, the article paints a positive outlook on the role of hydrogen internal combustion engines in fostering a sustainable energy landscape. Despite existing challenges, ongoing research and technological innovations offer valuable insights and solutions to propel the adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy source for ICEs, paving the way for a greener and more efficient future.