The pressure to decarbonize the aviation industry is intensifying, with Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) emerging as a key solution. The article provides insights into the current market dynamics of SAF, outlining key growth drivers and challenges. Policy initiatives such as the EU ReFuelEU Regulation and the US IRA tax credits are propelling SAF demand and setting ambitious production targets. Major airlines are already making commitments to increase SAF usage, signaling a shift towards sustainability. However, challenges in the supply chain, including insufficient global production capacity and raw material constraints, present hurdles to meeting escalating demand. The high cost of SAF compared to traditional aviation fuel remains a critical barrier, despite policy subsidies aiming to bridge the price gap. Technological pathways like HEFA, FT-SPK, ATJ, and PtL/eSAF are explored as avenues for innovation and diversification in the SAF market. While HEFA currently leads in commercialization, newer pathways like PtL/eSAF offer potential for net-zero emissions and long-term sustainability. The article highlights the need for continued research and development to address cost challenges and achieve widespread adoption of sustainable aviation fuels for a greener aviation industry.