The State of Hydrogen in the U.S.: Challenges, Progress, and Potential
Key Ideas
  • Hydrogen production in the U.S. is significant, with 33 facilities producing 10 million metric tons annually, mainly used in the petroleum, coal, and chemicals industries.
  • While hydrogen is widely used in various sectors, less than 1% is utilized as fuel, but interest is growing in hard-to-electrify areas like aviation and shipping.
  • Developments in the trucking industry show promise, with OEMs creating hydrogen fuel cell EVs, and companies like Accelera providing electrolyzers for refueling stations.
  • Efforts are being made to shift from gray to blue hydrogen production, with facilities like Air Products’ Louisiana Clean Energy Complex and Exxon Mobil’s Baytown facility leading the way.
The U.S. has made significant strides in hydrogen production, with 33 facilities generating 10 million metric tons annually, predominantly serving industries like petroleum, coal, and chemicals. While hydrogen has various industrial applications, its usage as fuel remains below 1%, though sectors like aviation and shipping are showing interest. The trucking industry is also embracing hydrogen with the development of hydrogen fuel cell EVs and refueling infrastructure. Efforts are underway to transition from gray to blue hydrogen production, aiming to reduce emissions. Notable projects include Air Products’ Louisiana Clean Energy Complex and Exxon Mobil’s Baytown facility, set to be the world's largest hydrogen production site. Policy support, such as tax credits under the Inflation Reduction Act, is crucial for further growth in hydrogen production, offering incentives for cleaner production methods and job creation.
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