Japan has taken center stage in the global pursuit of clean energy with its ambitious commitment to hydrogen. Since 2017, Japan has been working towards a 'hydrogen society,' aiming to integrate hydrogen into various sectors like transportation, steel production, gas, and electricity. The country published a national hydrogen strategy, positioning hydrogen as vital for industrial competitiveness and energy security. While Japan's vision remains comprehensive, challenges have necessitated strategic recalibration, opting for a 'Safety + 3E' framework emphasizing safety, energy security, economic efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The focus has shifted towards green hydrogen aspirations in line with carbon neutrality commitments. The country's energy insecurity, stemming from being a resource-poor island nation and past disasters, is a key driver behind its hydrogen strategy. Japan faces challenges in renewable energy expansion and grid integration, potentially necessitating the import of renewable hydrogen. Despite the bold vision, there are concerns about strategic focus and feasibility. Japan's hydrogen journey serves as a case study on navigating the complexities of energy transition amidst geopolitical shifts and climate imperatives, emphasizing the importance of tailored national strategies that align with technology, market dynamics, and geopolitical realities.