Australian researchers at the University of Adelaide have made significant breakthroughs in reducing the cost of green hydrogen production by utilizing an unexpected ingredient: urine. The researchers have developed processes that involve using urea from urine in the electrolysis process to create green hydrogen more efficiently and cost-effectively. This method has been shown to require significantly less energy and produce less toxic by-products compared to traditional water-splitting methods. The research, published in international journals, highlights the potential to cut the cost of renewable hydrogen by as much as 27%. The goal is to achieve green hydrogen production below the US target of $US2 per kilogram, with a projected cost range of $US1.50 to $US1.95 per kilogram. One of the unexpected challenges the research team faced was the high quality of wastewater in Australia, which was too clean for their experiments. As a result, the researchers had to source urea from other locations to continue their work. Despite this hurdle, the group remains optimistic about scaling up the experiments beyond the lab to further refine the green hydrogen production process. The potential applications of affordable green hydrogen include powering heavy industry, long-haul trucks, and facilitating the production of green metals like iron. The research represents a significant advancement in sustainable energy production, aligning with global efforts to transition towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources.