China's energy landscape heavily relies on coal production, with coal tar residues (CTR) contributing to environmental pollution. CTR, a byproduct of coal utilization, contains harmful pollutants impacting the environment and human health. While some industrialized CTR utilization methods exist, they often come with drawbacks like high energy consumption and secondary pollution risks. To address this, researchers are exploring Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) technology to convert CTR into hydrogen gas efficiently. SCWG allows for the oxidation and decomposition of CTR into CO2, H2, and CH4 under high pressure and temperature conditions, significantly reducing emissions and achieving harmless treatment. SCWG's physical and chemical properties enhance reaction rates, leading to effective CTR gasification on an industrial scale. The technology bypasses the need for drying, making it a sustainable and efficient solution for pollutant treatment. Researchers are optimistic about SCWG's potential to revolutionize waste treatment and energy conversion practices. The innovative utilization of SCWG for CTR marks a significant step towards reducing environmental pollution and promoting sustainable energy practices in the coal-dominated energy sector.