Biomass plays a crucial role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels by offering a renewable and sustainable energy alternative. Biomass-derived hydrogen-rich gas has emerged as a promising clean energy source with applications in power generation, heating, and hydrogen fuel cells. Microwave pyrolysis is highlighted as a key process for converting biomass into valuable products like syngas, biochar, and bio-oil efficiently and effectively. Sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic byproduct, presents an underutilized feedstock rich in cellulose and hemicellulose that can be converted into biofuels. Utilizing microwave pyrolysis to produce bio-oil, hydrogen-rich gas, and biochar from sugarcane bagasse can help in addressing excess biomass and safety risks associated with its disposal. Integration of sugarcane bagasse with poultry litter in microwave pyrolysis processes, along with appropriate catalysts like HZSM-5 and biochar impregnated with iron, shows potential for enhancing hydrogen-rich gas and biochar production. Selecting suitable catalysts can selectively control pyrolytic products, leading to improved quality of pyrolysis products. The study aims to fill the gap in research by exploring the microwave co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and poultry litter to enhance the yield and quality of pyrolytic gas and biochar over various catalysts. This innovative approach seeks to optimize the efficiency and sustainability of biomass valorization processes, contributing to the transition towards cleaner energy and climate-friendly practices.