The article introduces a novel risk analysis approach for assessing the safety of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) by proposing a risk potential field superposition analysis method. Traditional risk quantitative analysis and simulation tools often face challenges in efficiently analyzing hydrogen safety due to lack of intuitiveness and high resource costs. To address these issues, the study develops a simplified leakage space based on the analysis of leakage distribution patterns and spatial characteristics of typical leaking components within the hydrogen system. By calculating thermal radiation, overpressure, and impulse risks associated with hydrogen leakage and explosion, the research establishes a risk potential field to provide a comprehensive understanding of the consequences of hydrogen leakage risks. The study identifies the most critical areas in the system, with the hydrogen storage tank area posing the highest risk value when all tanks leak simultaneously. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a protective cover in reducing overpressure risk in the hydrogen storage tank area is evaluated, demonstrating a significant risk mitigation of 81.25% with minimal additional weight and cost. The research aligns with China's ambitious objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality by promoting the safe utilization of hydrogen as a clean energy source within the renewable energy system. The findings contribute to enhancing the safety of hydrogen utilization in fuel cell vehicles, crucial for the widespread adoption of renewable energy and the development of a sustainable energy landscape.