Rolls-Royce is strategically focusing on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to combat carbon emissions, with CEO Tufan Erginbilgiç emphasizing its necessity for decarbonizing commercial aviation within the next two decades. The company's UltraFan engine, expected in the 2030s, promises a 10% improvement in fuel efficiency. However, industry-wide challenges include the limited scalability of alternative technologies like hydrogen and electric propulsion. With the International Air Transport Association (IATA) targeting net-zero emissions by 2050, the slow adoption of SAF has sparked criticism from industry figures like Willie Walsh. Airlines, represented by leaders such as Delta's Amelia DeLuca and Wizz Air's Yvonne Moynihan, acknowledge the importance of sustainable aviation fuel in achieving climate goals. As the sector grapples with balancing growth and sustainability, there's a call for increased investment in technologies like carbon capture. Despite regulatory deadlines, industry leaders recognize the need for collaborative action to accelerate decarbonization efforts and bridge the gap between current challenges and long-term sustainability goals.